Graduate Research Library: A Library Guide to Jung's Collected Works: Transference

Reference publications: Transference

"Transference/Counter-Transference" In International dictionary of psychoanalysis by Jean Kirsch
Call Number: Ladera: REF RC501.4.D4313
Publication Date: 2005
"Transference is the projection of unconscious contents. Jung's Studies in Word Association (1906) provided evidence for and referred to Freud's concept of transference, published the previous year. In 1912 Jung noted that the analysand's perception of the analyst's more mature personality forms an empathic bridge between his infantile relationship to reality and adult adaptation. He insisted that an analyst undergo analysis himself, and also saw the importance of analyzing the transference, which both hinders and facilitates psychological growth. By 1913 Jung had extended Freud's definition, saying transference was also the basis for normal human relatedness. After breaking with Freud, he analyzed his own projections, resolved them to achieve emotional, intellectual, and spiritual/moral autonomy, and concurrently set forth the elements of his opus. A survey of early work shows recognition of counter-transference, the reciprocal arousal of unconscious content in the analyst in response to patient projections. In 1929 he stated his view that the personality of the analyst contributes to analytic process, and that transformation is mutual. He also observed instances of unconscious identity between doctor and patient, giving it the anthropological term participation mystique; later it was recognized by psychoanalysts and called projective identification. So convinced was Jung that this unconscious reciprocal influence distorted all analytic discourse that he drew upon another projective system, alchemy, in Psychology of the Transference (1946) to demonstrate the ubiquity of transference and to identify stages in its evolution and resolution.." (p. 1779) [Read more]
"Analyst and patient" In A critical dictionary of Jungian analysis by Samuels, A., Shorter, B., & Plaut, F.
Call Number: BF173.J85 S275 1986
Publication Date: 1986
Analyst and patient: "Jung's attitude to transference shows wide variance. On the one hand, transference is seen as the central feature of analysis, in any case unavoidable, and, in its blend of the sublime and the revolting, of great therapeutic usefulness (CW 16, paras 283-4, 358, 371). On the other hand, transference is sometimes conceived of as nothing but erotic and as a 'hindrance': 'you cure in spite of transference and not because of it.' This divided attitude of Jung's is reflected in the various schools of analytical psychology which have evolved since Jung's death in 1961. Some analysts regard transference analysis as a diversion from the more important elucidation of the symbolic content of the patient's material. Others see that, in the analysis of transference, they may meet those infantile traumas or deprivations which are still at work in their adult patients, Hence, the latter group do not seek to dissolve transference in favour of 'reality' but rather to allow it to deepen and to be worked with and within. Recently, it seems that this divide has become less marked than hitherto, as practitioners sense that content analysis (symbols) and process analysis (transference) are two sides of a single coin." (p. 19) [Read more]
"Transference" In Jung lexicon: A primer of terms & concepts by Sharp, D. (Ed.).
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Call Number: BF109.J8S53 1991
ISBN: 0919123481
Publication Date: 1991
Available as a free download from the publisher
Transference. "A particular case of projection, used to describe the unconscious, emotional bond that arises in the analysand toward the analyst. (Sharp, 1991)".
Unconscious contents are invariably projected at first upon concrete persons and situations. Many projections can ultimately be integrated back into the individual once he has recognized their subjective origin; others resist integration, and although they may be detached from their original objects, they thereupon transfer themselves to the doctor. Among these contents the relation to the parent of opposite sex plays an important part, i.e., the relation of son to mother, daughter to father, and also that of brother to sister. ["The Psychology of the Transference," CW 16, para. 357.]
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Countertransference by Sharp, D. (Ed.).
Call Number: BF109.J8S53 1991
ISBN: 0919123481
Publication Date: 1991
Available as a free download from the publisher
Countertransference. "A particular case of projection, used to describe the unconscious emotional response of the analyst to the analysand in a therapeutic relationship. (Sharp, 1991)".
A transference is answered by a counter-transference from the analyst when it projects a content of which he is unconscious but which nevertheless exists in him. The counter-transference is then just as useful and meaningful, or as much of a hindrance, as the transference of the patient, according to whether or not it seeks to establish that better rapport which is essential for the realization of certain unconscious contents. Like the transference, the counter-transference is compulsive, a forcible tie, because it creates a "mystical" or unconscious identity with the object [General Aspects of Dream Psychology," CW 8, para. 519.] [Read more]

" Transference" In Encyclopedia of psychology and religion (3rd ed.) by Benjamin Beit-Hallahmi
ISBN: 9780387718026
Publication Date: 2020
Transference: ”The idea of transference is at the center of the classical psychoanalytic theory of object relations. Early object-relations patterns, formed by our experiences within the family, become consolidated, and remain relatively fixed throughout adult life. They are revealed as emotional reactions in interpersonal situations which are highly intense and realistically speaking quite improper. Any strong emotional reaction formed quickly in an interpersonal encounter, such as love or hate at first sight represent a transference reaction, i.e., a reaction to a present object which is in reality an acting out of a childhood reaction to one’s parents or other close figures." (p. 919) [Read more]
Countertransference In The encyclopedia of psychological trauma by Constance Dalenberg. Gilbert Reyes; Jon D. Elhai; Julian D. Ford (Eds.)
ISBN: 9780470110065
Publication Date: 2008
"Countertransference, as it is defined by modern therapists, refers to the therapist's emotional reactions to the patient and/or the patient's situation. The patient's transference (i.e., reactions that the patient “transfers” from other relationships such as with parents to the relationship with the therapist) is “countered,” Freud originally argued, by the therapist's objective or conflict-based reaction. Only the latter reactions, those based on the therapists' own conflicts or neuroses, were “countertransference.” This definition left the patient-therapist participants in the relationship, as well as the reviewers and critics of a given therapeutic relationship, at odds in defining which emotional reactions should be covered by the term. Is the therapist's angry reaction to her hostile traumatized patient truly reality-based, or is it influenced by her history with an angry parent-figure (and thus countertransference)? Countertransference researchers now almost universally reject this “particularist” definition, and define countertransference as including all of the therapist's emotional reactions toward the patient regardless of source (the “totalist” position: cf. Dalenberg, 2000; Gabbard, 1995). The use of the totalist definition allows more reliable measurement of the types of counter-transference, since the presence of hostility in the therapist can be identified with greater precision than can the presence of the therapist's internal conflict. Countertransference research has been conducted through vignette studies (Brody & Farber, 1996), laboratory analogues (Hayes & Gelso, 1991), client interviews (Dalenberg, 2000), therapist self-report (Little & Hamby, 1996), or client-therapist transcript ratings (Hayes et al., 1998), enhanced and deepened by the traditional analysis of case studies (e.g., Rustin, 2001). Most recently, the term countertransference has also been applied to the therapist's emotional reactions to the event alone (e.g., rape), apart from any details provided by the patient (Danieli, 1994)." (p. 166) [Read more]

"Transference/countertransference" In The handbook of Jungian psychology by Andrew Samuels; R. Papadopoulos (Ed.)
Call Number: BF173 .H333 2006
Publication Date: 2012
Transference/countertransference : "It is no mere play of words to state that the very theme of transference-countertransference excites the most extreme transferences and countertransferences. This is true in psychotherapy generally and Jungian analysis may even be seen as a special case illustration of the trend. Intense anxiety surrounds the question of whether Jung did or did not have an adequate conception of transference. Sometimes, he can be understood as dismissing its importance: transference is a `hindrance' and `you cure in spite of transference and not because of it' ( CW 18: 678±679). At other times, such as the moment when he sought to reassure Freud of his orthodoxy ( CW 16: par. 358), he is very keen to stand up and be counted as a reputable psychoanalyst who has fully understood the centrality of the idea of transference as the `alpha and omega of analysis'" (p. 178) [Read more]
"Transference and countertransference" In The Cambridge companion to Jung by Christopher Perry; P. Young-Eisendrath & T. Dawson (Eds.)
Call Number: BF109.J8C36 2008
ISBN: 9781139001847
Publication Date: 2008
Summary: "Jung's writings are peppered by seemingly throwaway comments and assertions that have contributed to Jungian analysis earning the reputation of being a psychodynamic therapy that does not concern itself much with the transference. For example: “I personally am always glad when there is only a mild transference or when it is practically unnoticeable.” (CW 16, pp. 172-173) / When taken out of context, such statements can easily undermine the strength of an arc of development in Jung's treatment of the transference which spans fifty years. Already in 1913, alluding to the transference, Jung wrote: “Thanks to his personal feeling, Freud was able to discover wherein lay the therapeutic effect of psychoanalysis.” (CW 4, p. 190) / And toward the end of his life he is quite adamant when he states: “The main problem of medical psychotherapy is the transference. In this matter Freud and I were in complete agreement.” (Jung 1963, p. 203) / Where Jung and Freud were very much in disagreement was in their views on countertransference, which Freud regarded as an unwelcome interference in the analyst's receptivity to communications from the patient. This interference occurred when the patient activated unconscious conflicts in the analyst which had the effect of making the analyst want to counter the patient, in the sense of warding the patient off. Freud's approach was to insist on the analyst recognizing and overcoming countertransference, a conviction which led him to apologize to his analysand, Ferenczi, for his failure to suppress countertransference intrusions (Freud, 1910)." (p. 147) [Read more]
"Transference/countertransference" in A guided tour of the Collected Works of C. G. Jung by Robert H. Hopcke
Call Number: REF BF173 .J85 H66
ISBN: 9781570624056
Publication Date: 1999
Transference/countertransference: "Jung’s idea of transference within the analytic relationship was similar to Freud’s, with several important differences based on Jung’s ideas about the psyche. While Jung agreed with Freud that the phenomenon of transference consisted of thoughts, feelings, and fantasies from another relationship, usually in the past, being reexperienced within a present relationship, Jung differed from Freud in seeing that a transference may not be based solely on material from the personal unconscious but may contain striking archetypal elements as well. One may have a father transference to an analyst that goes beyond anything the patient ever experienced with his or her own father, experiencing the analyst as a larger-than-life, perhaps even mythically idealized figure, an experience most appropriately called an archetypal transference." (Hopcke, p. 58). [Read more]

Transference [index term]. In General Index to the Collected Works of C. G. Jung (Vol. 20).
Publication Date: 1979
An exceptionally comprehensive index by paragraph numbers. Certain subjects are treated in separate sub-indexes within the General Index. These include alchemy, animals, the Bible, colors, Freud, Jung, and numbers.

Jung on Transference

Jung's essays on Transference from the Collected Works:

Therapeutic Principles of Psychoanalysis

Jung, C. G. (1961). Therapeutic Principles of Psychoanalysis (R. F. C. Hull, Trans.). In H. Read et al. (Eds.), The collected works of C. G. Jung: Vol. 4. Freud and psychoanalysis (pp. 181-203). Princeton University Press. (Original work published 1955)
Some crucial points in psychoanalysis: A correspondence between Dr. Jung and Dr. Loy

Jung, C. G. (1961). Some crucial points in psychoanalysis: A correspondence between Dr. Jung and Dr. Loy (R. F. C. Hull, Trans.). In H. Read et al. (Eds.), The collected works of C. G. Jung: Vol. 4. Freud and psychoanalysis (pp. 252-289). Princeton University Press. (Original work published 1914)
The psychology of the transference (pp. 163-323)

Jung, C. G. (1966). The psychology of the transference (R. F. C. Hull, Trans.). In H. Read et al. (Eds.), The collected works of C. G. Jung: Vol. 16. Practice of psychotherapy (2nd ed., pp. 163-323). Princeton University Press. (Original work published 1946) https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400851003.163
Problems of modern psychotherapy (pp. 53-75)

Jung, C. G. (1966). Problems of modern psychotherapy (R. F. C. Hull, Trans.). In H. Read et al. (Eds.), The collected works of C. G. Jung: Vol. 16. Practice of psychotherapy (2nd ed., pp. 53-75). Princeton University Press. (Original work published 1931) https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400851003.53

Ebooks available from the library:

The analytic encounter: Transference and human relationship by Mario Jacoby
Call Number: RC480.8 .J33 1984
ISBN: 0919123147
Publication Date: 1984
"Summarizes the views of Jung and Freud on transference and countertransference, as well as those of Martin Buber on I-it and I-thou relationships. Special attention to the significance of erotic love in therapy and analysis."
The therapeutic relationship: Transference, countertransference, and the making of meaning by Jan Wiener
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ISBN: 9781603443722
Publication Date: 2009-01-01
Freely available from the OAKTrust digital repository at Texas A&M

"Wiener develops her own concept of the transference matrix, a model that honors one of Jung's core beliefs in the development of a symbolic capacity as an essential task of psychotherapy, but at the same time acknowledges that a capacity to symbolize can only emerge through relationship."
The Wounded Healer (Print copy) by David Sedgwick
Call Number: RC489.C68S43 1994
ISBN: 0415106206
Publication Date: 1994
"Countertransference is an important part of the analytical process. It is concerned with the analyst's emotional response to the patient. As such, it can be a particularly difficult aspect of the analytical setting and especially so because of the threat of possible sexual involvement with the patient. At present there is little available on this difficult topic. Jungian analyst David Sedgwick tackles the subject bravely and shows how to use the countertransference in a positive way. The result is one of the finest Jungian clinical texts of recent years."

Book chapters available from the library:

"Archetypal aspects of transference at the end of life" In Analytical psychology in a changing world by Isabelle DeArmond; Lucy Huskinson & Murray Stein (Eds.)
ISBN: 9781317628576
Publication Date: 2014
"The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the archetypal aspects of the relationship of professional caregivers such as hospice workers with patients at the end of life, based on their reported experience in a previous study (DeArmond 2012/2013). The experience of hospice workers is assumed to be similar to that of medical personnel, therapists, volunteer and employed caregivers working in similar situations, and the discussion will make no differentiation based on professional occupation. The term of caregiver is generally applied throughout the chapter. A Jungian perspective on spiritual pain will be discussed." [Read more]
"Countertransference" In Explorations into the self by Michael Fordham
Call Number: BF697.F67 1985
ISBN: 9781849400299
Publication Date: 1985
"In this chapter I shall approach the subject of countertransference starting from Jung’s conception of analytic practice as a dialectical process between two involved persons (selves). By implication he advocated an open systems viewpoint. A closed system is one with clearly defined limits or boundaries; two persons may stand in relation to each other yet function as distinct entities. In their conversation words have an agreed meaning or, if there are disjunctions in their communications, these can be clarified by reference to the psychical system of one or the other. Open systems, on the other hand, are those in which boundaries are not fixed, with the result that the two systems - patient and analyst - interact, change and transform themselves in relation to each other. Difficulties or confusions therefore require a change in both psychical systems before validation is possible." (p. 137) [Read more]
"Countertransference and intersubjectivity" In Jungian psychoanalysis by Linda Carter; Murray Stein, (Ed.)
Call Number: BF173.J85 J887 2010
Publication Date: 2010
"At the heart of the analytic process is, of course, the relationship that develops between analyst and analysand. In this chapter, the author adds further insights from contemporary science and psychoanalysis to the Jungian perspective on the role that the analyst's psyche plays in the process of change and transformation within the analytic container. Rather than look narrowly at countertransference, the author prefers to look at the analyst's use of self (or multiple selves) within the multitiered analytic system (brain, mind, and culture) of two interacting individuals." [Read more]
"Notes on the transference" In Technique in Jungian Analysis by Michael Fordham
Call Number: BF173.J85
ISBN: 9781849400725
Publication Date: 1989/1957
"In his foreword to ‘Psychology of the transference’ Jung says: ‘The reader will not find an account of the clinical phenomena of the transference in this book. It is not intended for the beginner, who would first have to be instructed in such matters, but is addressed exclusively to those who have already gained sufficient experience in their own practice.’ (Jung, 1946, p. 165)." [Read more]
"The Rosarium philosophorum" in Alchemy and psychotherapy by Dale Mathers (Ed.)
Call Number: BF175 .A5494 2014 (Browse shelf)
Publication Date: 2014
"I'm going to look at a set of alchemical pictures which Jung used to structure ideas about transference and counter transference—repetitions in the present of relational patterns learnt in childhood which are projected in analysis—to show how these symbols allowed imagination and creativity into a closed system: the troubled psyche of a transvestite. In classical psychoanalytic narratives, naming transferential patterns as they appear is believed to produce insight, believed to permit change. There are other narratives about 'restorative experiences in the transference': as an analyst repeatedly survives a patient's anger, offering recognition rather than retaliation, so the patient is able to work through buried feelings, to reflect consciously—to symbolise rather than unconsciously repeat and act out. Jungian analysts narrate change not only as 'resolution of the transference', but also as the development of an ability to form and use symbols. This happens as the analytic pair learn to hold and combine opposites, tolerate uncertainty and imagine possible futures—as well as reconstructing the past. To show Jung's idea of the coniunctio as central to this process, I will describe the Rosarium pictures, my work with Robert and ideas about transvestism, and how symbol formation gradually emerged, leading to an image of what we might 'do' if we 'did it'. This allowed us both to move on. Through analysis, Robert began to re-name and re-claim himself as a person." [Read more]
"Transference and countertransference: Contemporary perspectives" in Analytical psychology: Contemporary perspectives in Jungian analysis by Jan Wiener; Joseph Cambray & Linda Carter (Eds.)
Publication Date: 2004
Abstract: "This chapter presents another dimension of analytic methods, a study of transference and countertransference. The author draws on a wealth of personal experience as an analyst, supervisor, and teacher to deal with this complicated subject with its long history both within analytical psychology and in psychoanalysis. Due to the controversial nature of analytical psychology's varying approaches to transference and countertransference, the editors chose to devote a chapter specifically to this topic rather than attempt to reduce it to a single subject area in Chapter 4. The author graciously agreed to this task and explicates the history and contemporary developments in this area with a lively and cogent synthesis of a tremendous quantity of information." [Read more]
"Transference as a form of active imagination" In Technique in Jungian analysis by Dorothy Davidson; Michael Fordham et al. (Eds.)
Call Number: BF173.J85
ISBN: 9781849400725
Publication Date: 1989
Abstract: "The Ideas in this paper are based on my having become aware of a certain type of counter-transference activity which, in turn, has led me to the central idea that during analysis a hitherto unconscious drama in which the patient has been held a prisoner is enacted in the here and now; he finds himself repeating the same type of relationship, or non-relationship, like ‘a stuck gramophone record’, as one patient put it. The record can become unstuck if the enacting of the drama has been, so to speak, realized by being lived through and worked through within the transference. The patient is then freed to possess and use his own emotions and imagery instead of being compulsively driven by the unconscious drama within him. It is in this sense that I think a successful analysis can be thought of as a lived-through active imagination." [Read more]
"Working in and with transference." In Jungian psychoanalysis by Jan Wiener. Murray Stein, (Ed.)
Call Number: BF173.J85 J887 2010
Publication Date: 2010
Abstract: "This chapter discusses Jung's expressed ambivalence about the use of transference as a tool in analysis and shows how an understanding of transference, in Jung's own terms, can be critically important for promoting growth of consciousness and individuation in analysis. Beliefs about the role and value of patients' transferences to their analysts are predicated not only on views about the nature of the psyche and the development of mental functioning, but also on the aims of analysis and within this, the role of the analytic relationship. We would probably all agree that transference exists as an archetypal process, so why then have Jungians turned to a variety of different methods of making sense with their patients of their transference experiences? What can be made of the observation that the value Jungian analysts across the world place on the significance of the transference within as a site of therapeutic action varies so enormously? It is these issues that this chapter will address." [Read more]

Journal articles available from the library:

Cambray, J. (2001). Enactments and amplification. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 46(2), 275–303. https://doi.org/10.1111/1465-5922.00237

PsycINFO

Dieckmann, H. (1976). Transference and Countertransference: Results of a Berlin research group. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 21(1), 25–36.

PsycINFO

Fordham, M. (1974). Jung’s conception of transference. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 19(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-5922.1974.00001.x

PsycINFO

Fordham, M. (1979). Analytical psychology and countertransference. Contemporary Psychoanalysis, 15(4), 630–646. https://doi.org/10.1080/00107530.1979.10745601

PsycINFO

Gordon, R. (1968). Transference as a fulcrum of analysis.Journal of Analytical Psychology, 13(2), 109–117. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-5922.1968.00109.x

PsycINFO

Moura, V. (2014). Learning from the patient: The East, synchronicity and transference in the history of an unknown case of C.G. Jung. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 59(3), 391–409. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-5922.12088

PsycINFO

Nuttall, J. (2000). The Rosarium Philosophorum as a universal relational psychology: Jung and object relations. Psychodynamic Counselling, 6(1), 79–100. https://doi.org/10.1080/135333300362873

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Peters, R. (1991). The therapist’s expectations of the transference. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 36(1), 77–92. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-5922.1991.00077.x

PsycINFO

Steinberg, W. (1988). The evolution of Jung’s ideas on the transference. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 33(1), 21–37. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-5922.1988.00021.x

PsycINFO

Tyminski, R. (2011). Medea, Jason, and their illusions of the Golden Fleece: A Jungian contribution to transference dreaming. International Journal of Jungian Studies, 3(1), 21–35. https://doi.org/10.1080/19409052.2011.542370

Brill Journals

Ulanov, A. B. (1997). Transference, the transcendent function, and transcendence. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 42(1), 119–138. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-5922.1997.00119.x

PsycINFO

Zabriskie, B. D. (1997). Thawing the “frozen accidents” The archetypal view in countertransference. Journal of Analytical Psychology, 42(1), 25–40. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-5922.1997.00025.x

PsycINFO